@article{APS9272,
author = {Jian-tao CHEN and Hua-qin SUN and Wei-liang WANG and Wen-ming XU and Qin HE and Shun SHEN and Jun QIAN and Hui-le GAO},
title = {Polyethylene glycol modification decreases the cardiac toxicity of carbonaceous dots in mouse and zebrafish models},
journal = {Acta Pharmacologica Sinica},
volume = {36},
number = {11},
year = {2017},
keywords = {},
abstract = {Aim: Carbonaceous dots (CDs), which have been used for diagnosis, drug delivery and gene delivery, are accumulated in heart at high concentrations. To improve their biocompatibility, polyethylene glycol-modified CDs (PEG-CDs) were prepared. In this study we compared the cardiac toxicity of CDs and PEG-CDs in mouse and zebrafish models.
Methods: Mice were intravenously treated with CDs (size: 4.9 nm, 5 mg·kg-1·d-1) or PEG-CDs (size: 8.3 nm, 5 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 21 d. Their blood biochemistry indices, ECG, and histological examination were examined for evaluation of cardiac toxicity. CDs or PEG-CDs was added in incubator of cmlc2 transgenic Zebrafish embryos at 6 hpf, and the shape and size of embryos’ hearts were observed at 48 hpf using a fluorescent microscope. Furthermore, whole-mount in situ hybridization was used to examine the expression of early cardiac marker gene (cmlc2) at 48 hpf.
Results: Administration of CDs or PEG-CDs in mice caused mild, but statistically insignificant reduction in serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels detected at 7 d, which were returned to the respective control levels at 21 d. Neither CDs nor PEG-CDs caused significant changes in the morphology of heart cells. Administration of CDs, but not PEG-CDs, in mice caused marked increase of heart rate. Both CDs and PEG-CDs did not affect other ECG parameters. In the zebrafish embryos, addition of CDs (20 μg/mL) caused heart development delay, whereas addition of CDs (80 μg/mL) led to heart malformation. In contrast, PEG-CDs caused considerably small changes in heart development, which was consistent with the results from the in situ hybridization experiments.
Conclusion: CDs causes greater cardiac toxicity, especially regarding heart development. Polyethylene glycol modification can attenuate the cardiac toxicity of CDs.},
issn = {1745-7254}, url = {http://www.chinaphar.com/article/view/9272}
}