@article{APS6114,
author = {Tong-hua BIAN and Xiao-yu LI},
title = {Immunomodulating effects of morphine microinjected into periaqueductal gray},
journal = {Acta Pharmacologica Sinica},
volume = {16},
number = {2},
year = {2016},
keywords = {},
abstract = {AIM: To study the effects of morphine on immune system through rat brain periaqueductal gray (PAG).
METHODS: Three hours after microinjection of morphine through the implanted steel tubes to PAG, splenic cytokines interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and natural killer cells (NK) activity were measured.
RESULTS: Microinjection of morphine (0.5 microL, 3672 ng) into PAG region had no influence on IL-6 and TNF-alpha (production of splenic macrophages, suppressed the natural killer cell (NK) activity and enhanced T-lymphocyte functions, including concanavalin A (Con A)-induced T-cell proliferation, IL-2 and TNF-beta production. Both the suppressive and stimulating actions were blocked by PAG preinjection of the mu opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (0.5 microL, 1 microgram), which alone showed the contrary effect to morphine.
CONCLUSION: Morphine affected immunofunctions through opioid receptors in PAG, and the influences on various immunocompetent cells were different.},
issn = {1745-7254}, url = {http://www.chinaphar.com/article/view/6114}
}