Causative and preventive action of calcium in cataracto-genesis

Calcium and Ca-dependent enzymes play specific role in the development of human cataracts. Entry of Ca2+ into the lens epithelial cells (LEC) is highly regulated by quantum of receptors. The Ca2+ level controls homeostasis and growth of entire lens. Intracellular overload of Ca2+ in the LEC trigger a series of events such as activation of Ca-dependent enzymes, irreversible breakdown of important structural proteins and cell death. Proper maintenance of Ca2+ levels by regulating activity of Ca-pumps and Ca-channels and inhibition of Ca-dependent enzymes can help in prevention of cataract. Induction of cell death in the LEC by increase in the intracellular Ca2+ may be utilized for the prevention of posterior capsular opacification.