Detection of DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes by 7 compounds using comet assay
Abstract
AIM: To detect the DNA single strand breaks (SSB) in peripheral lymphocytes of
mice, rats, and human induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ethyl methane
sulphonate (EMS), dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA), mitomycin C (MMC), benzo (a) pyrene
(BaP), cyclophosphamide (CP), and 2-aminofluorene (2-AF).
METHODS: Alkaline single cell microgel electrophoresis assay in vitro (comet
assay).
RESULTS: All were positive with 2 exceptions: EMS (0.97 mmol.L-1) in mice and MMC
(30 mumol.L-1) in mice and human. The lowest concentrations detectable were H2O2
(1 mumol.L-1), EMS (0.48 mmol.L-1), BaP (5.0 mumol.L-1), CP (2.0 mmol.L-1), MMC
(10 mumol.L-1), DMNA (27.3 mmol.L-1), and 2-AF (62.5 mumol.L-1). CP, BaP, and
2-AF were positive only in the presence of metabolic activation system.
CONCLUSION: H2O2, DMNA, BaP, CP, and 2-AF induce SSB in peripheral lymphocytes of
mice, rats, and human detected by comet assay, whereas MMC induces SSB only in
rats, and EMS in rats and human lymphocytes.
Keywords:
mice, rats, and human induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ethyl methane
sulphonate (EMS), dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA), mitomycin C (MMC), benzo (a) pyrene
(BaP), cyclophosphamide (CP), and 2-aminofluorene (2-AF).
METHODS: Alkaline single cell microgel electrophoresis assay in vitro (comet
assay).
RESULTS: All were positive with 2 exceptions: EMS (0.97 mmol.L-1) in mice and MMC
(30 mumol.L-1) in mice and human. The lowest concentrations detectable were H2O2
(1 mumol.L-1), EMS (0.48 mmol.L-1), BaP (5.0 mumol.L-1), CP (2.0 mmol.L-1), MMC
(10 mumol.L-1), DMNA (27.3 mmol.L-1), and 2-AF (62.5 mumol.L-1). CP, BaP, and
2-AF were positive only in the presence of metabolic activation system.
CONCLUSION: H2O2, DMNA, BaP, CP, and 2-AF induce SSB in peripheral lymphocytes of
mice, rats, and human detected by comet assay, whereas MMC induces SSB only in
rats, and EMS in rats and human lymphocytes.