The protective roles of autophagy in ischemic preconditioning
Abstract
Wen-jun YAN1, 2, Hai-long DONG2, Li-ze XIONG2, *
1Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi-an 710032, China
Autophagy, a process for the degradation of protein aggregates and dysfunctional organelles, is required for cellular homeostasis and cell survival in response to stress and is implicated in endogenous protection. Ischemic preconditioning is a brief and nonlethal episode of ischemia, confers protection against subsequent ischemia-reperfusion through the up-regulation of endogenous protective mechanisms. Emerging evidence shows that autophagy is associated with the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning. This review summarizes recent progress in research on the functions and regulations of the autophagy pathway in preconditioning-induced protection and cellular survival.
Keywords: autophagy; ischemia-reperfusion injury; ischemic preconditioning; AMPK; mTOR; Beclin1; P13K; mitochondria; endoplasmic reticulum stress; reactive oxygen species (ROS); apoptosis
This work was supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (Grant 30725039) and the key project for the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 30930091).
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
E-mail mzkxlz@126.com
Received 2012-12-11 Accepted 2013-02-07
Keywords:
1Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi-an 710032, China
Autophagy, a process for the degradation of protein aggregates and dysfunctional organelles, is required for cellular homeostasis and cell survival in response to stress and is implicated in endogenous protection. Ischemic preconditioning is a brief and nonlethal episode of ischemia, confers protection against subsequent ischemia-reperfusion through the up-regulation of endogenous protective mechanisms. Emerging evidence shows that autophagy is associated with the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning. This review summarizes recent progress in research on the functions and regulations of the autophagy pathway in preconditioning-induced protection and cellular survival.
Keywords: autophagy; ischemia-reperfusion injury; ischemic preconditioning; AMPK; mTOR; Beclin1; P13K; mitochondria; endoplasmic reticulum stress; reactive oxygen species (ROS); apoptosis
This work was supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (Grant 30725039) and the key project for the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 30930091).
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
E-mail mzkxlz@126.com
Received 2012-12-11 Accepted 2013-02-07